{"id":101,"date":"2025-12-08T19:41:26","date_gmt":"2025-12-08T19:41:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/abareta.sites.sch.gr\/wordpress\/?p=101"},"modified":"2026-01-15T14:53:30","modified_gmt":"2026-01-15T14:53:30","slug":"101","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/abareta.sites.sch.gr\/wordpress\/index.php\/2025\/12\/08\/101\/","title":{"rendered":"Peltier Effect"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"model-response-message-contentr_65bc6eb315f2f26b\" class=\"markdown markdown-main-panel enable-updated-hr-color\" dir=\"ltr\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-busy=\"false\">\n<p data-path-to-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-9\">\u03a4\u03bf <\/span><b><span class=\"citation-9\">\u03a6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf Peltier<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-9\"> (Peltier Effect) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 <\/span><b><span class=\"citation-9\">\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-9\"> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03b3\u03b9\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd (\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 n \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 p) \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <\/span><b><span class=\"citation-9\">\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-9 citation-end-9\"> \u26a1.<sup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"1\">1<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-path-to-node=\"1\" \/>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"2\">\ud83d\udd2c \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf Peltier<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"3\">\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1834 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0393\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc Jean Charles A. Peltier \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 Seebeck.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"4\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"5\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"5\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\">\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <b>\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/b> <span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"\\left(q_{P} \\propto I\\right)\">(q_{P} \\ I<\/span>\u00a0\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <b>\u03ad\u03ba\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/b> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf Peltier.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\">\u039f\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf Peltier \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c9\u03c2 <b>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/b> \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0397 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 q_p \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 <b>\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7<\/b>\n<div data-path-to-node=\"5,2,1\">\n<div class=\"math-block\" data-math=\"q_{P} = \\left(\\Pi_{A} - \\Pi_{B}\\right) \\cdot I\">q_{P} = (Pi_{A} &#8211; Pi_{B} \\cdot<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2\\Pi_{A}, \\Pi_{B} \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 Peltier \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 3 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"attachment-container search-images\">\n<div class=\"image-container ng-star-inserted\" data-full-size-image-uri=\"https:\/\/encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com\/licensed-image?q=tbn:ANd9GcRZiAjrUCDDdBh6ICILi-8bHAnTXfFCOxAPP0y66w7P8_mkkHwicW1g12CQlAkjegYAtba7AMg2GdeCIUWeYoVkPCljZvPbwSiJ-EIDB6OiHBTHEUU\">\n<div class=\"overlay-container ng-star-inserted\">\n<p><button class=\"image-button ng-star-inserted\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"licensed-image loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com\/licensed-image?q=tbn:ANd9GcRZiAjrUCDDdBh6ICILi-8bHAnTXfFCOxAPP0y66w7P8_mkkHwicW1g12CQlAkjegYAtba7AMg2GdeCIUWeYoVkPCljZvPbwSiJ-EIDB6OiHBTHEUU\" alt=\"\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 Peltier effect diagram showing current flow and heat transfer (hot and cold sides)\" width=\"620\" height=\"620\" \/><\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"licensed-image-source ng-star-inserted\"><span class=\"label ellipsis gds-label-m-alt\">\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf Peltier Shutterstock<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr data-path-to-node=\"7\" \/>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"8\">\ud83d\udee0\ufe0f \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 Peltier (Thermoelectric Coolers &#8211; TEC)<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"9\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 <b>\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 Peltier<\/b> (\u03ae Thermoelectric Coolers &#8211; TEC), \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc:<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"10\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10,0,0\"><b>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7<\/b> \u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 <b>n<\/b> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <b>p<\/b>, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 <b>\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac<\/b> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf Peltier.<b> <\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10,0,0\"><b>\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1<\/b>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10,1,0\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03b2\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd <b>\u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd<\/b> (\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10,2,0\">\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 (DC), \u03b7 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <b>\u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03ae<\/b> (\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 <b>\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ae<\/b> (\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1). \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03b7 \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03ae \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf).\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf Peltier.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-path-to-node=\"11\" \/>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"12\">\ud83d\udca1 \u0395\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"13\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03a6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf Peltier \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd <b>\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/b> \u03ae \u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03ae \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd:<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"14\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"14,0,0\"><b>\u03a8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7 \u0397\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03a3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd:<\/b> \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd (CPUs) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"14,1,0\"><b><span class=\"citation-5\">\u03a6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03a8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\/\u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1:<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-5 citation-end-5\"> \u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03c8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae camping.<sup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"5\">5<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"source-inline-chip-container ng-star-inserted\"><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"14,2,0\"><b>\u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u0395\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2:<\/b> \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 (thermal cyclers) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 DNA (PCR) \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2-\u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"14,3,0\"><b>\u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0391\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2:<\/b> \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03a6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf Peltier (Peltier Effect) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03b3\u03b9\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd (\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 n \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 p) \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u26a1.1 \ud83d\udd2c \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf Peltier \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1834 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0393\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc Jean Charles A. Peltier \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 Seebeck. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":102,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[8],"class_list":["post-101","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tech","tag-8"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/abareta.sites.sch.gr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thermoelectric_Cooler_Diagram.svg_002.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/abareta.sites.sch.gr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/abareta.sites.sch.gr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/abareta.sites.sch.gr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abareta.sites.sch.gr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abareta.sites.sch.gr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/abareta.sites.sch.gr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":106,"href":"https:\/\/abareta.sites.sch.gr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101\/revisions\/106"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abareta.sites.sch.gr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/102"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/abareta.sites.sch.gr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abareta.sites.sch.gr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abareta.sites.sch.gr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}